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Preparing Current Affairs

Dear Aspirants,

The latest request I came across, in general, is: How to prepare Current Affairs?

Specific questions go like:

=Which newspaper to read?

=How to read the newspaper?

=Which magazine?

=What news are important?

etc. etc.

I guess you can read any newspaper of your choice but for Civil Services and other competitive examinations 'The Hindu' has proved most useful. I also prefer suggesting 'Indian Express'. You can go through both of them or any one of them, depending on your interest.

If you use internet regularly, I will advise to visit PIB's website daily.

Be careful because newspaper contains useful and not so useful (from Civil Services perspective) news and matters. You have to be selective and choosy. Some topics are for deep reading, some for an eagle's view, some can be finished with title only while some can safely be avoided.

Newspaper gives you a larger perspective with relevant and background information of the topic, therefore it can excite or provoke another reading also. Do reference reading when you feel having necessity and time.

Making notes from newspaper is essential? I feel NO. But you can point out brief details if you are habitual or making notes.

Magazines for Civil Services: I would suggest to concentrate on newspaper only because once you are already giving one or one and a half hour daily for current affairs, there should be no need to go through any magazine. If you wish go through some Newsmagazines like Outlook, Frontline or India Today, selecting some articles. I do not suggest any magazine published for Civil Services because they mostly carry news from the same sources as I have already suggested. But I am not strongly denying their utility as a compiled source of current affairs for Civil Services and other competitive exams.

What news are important?

Obviously you are not supposed to read whole newspaper of 20 pages. Start with front page, go through all headlines only. Turn pages and read only headlines of all news items. Once you complete reading titles or headlines, start reading details with specific question in your mind. Try to analyse, you will understand that the news which have been covered in more detail would make their space on Editorial page also. It means they are more important. The same news will be followed with updates in next two three days newspapers also. Don't just read news, follow them. Following the happening around you, in world, country and states will develop your interest and understanding. You will be able to make your opinion and will find yourself well informed.

Study of newspaper will help not only in Prelim but in Main - GS, Essay, Optionals - and interview also.

For Optional Subject

Friends,

I have to admit that I may not be able to guide you regarding preparation of all optional subjects, naturally.

I faced the question as to what my optionals were?

My optionals were Law and Literature of Gujarati Language.

My medium for Main and Interview was English.

I should, to begin with, point out books for Law Optional for the benefit of those who dares to opt Law.

+Constitutional Law : Bare Act, Guide for LL.B. Exam, M.P. Jain or any other book as Reference only;

+IPC : Ratanlal & Dhirajlal, Bare Act and Guide for LL.B. Exam;

+Law of Torts : Dr. R. K. Bangia;

+Mercantile Law : Avtar Singh, Bare Acts and Guide for LL.B. Exam;

+International Law : S.K. Kapoor or M.P. Tandon;

+Contemporary Legal Development : Bare Acts, Guide for LL.B. Exam, Internet Material;

+Minor Acts : Bare Acts, Guide for LL.B. Exam;

One must practice regularly to write answers because in Law it is not lack of knowledge but lack of practice which is responsible for poor score. Apart from ample writing practice a candidate should also be aware of direct, to the point, relevant and complete answer writing.

This should be considered as a general guideline, which is subject to modification from individual perspective. Should there be any specific query, comment can be a helpful tool to ask briefly.

Well Wishes.

Civil Service Preparation

This post is in response to many requests by Civil Service Aspirants who needed to know various things about preparation and strategy. I encountered frequently more or less same questions from students when I was teaching at my institute  FEM IAS ACADEMY or when they mail me through address of PREETI PUBLICATION or NEW VISHAL PUBLICATION for whom I have written some books on Civil Services. Or most recently I started getting chat messages in Facebook and I receive a lot of requests daily, but I apologize because my FB A/C limit of 5000 friends is already subscribed to. However, I never want anyone to remain in doubt for lack of sufficient guidance. 

I do believe that after reading this post many of the queries of students will be solved and at least they will be able to start work systematically. Should there be any doubt, I invite them through comments. 

When to start preparation for Civil Services?

 I firmly believe that one should start preparing for this exam as soon as possible. However, I was very late in starting preparation as I had no idea about the exam at all. I heard about UPSC or PCS only after I had completed my graduation. But this may not be a case with everyone and so one should take advantage of their awareness.

How much time should one devote for reading?

Maximum. Yes, one should devote maximum effective time for reading because it would be a risky thing to compromise even a single mark. There may be risk of failure or at least of poor rank where one cannot get a service of own choice. As the competition is increasing day by day it is strongly advised to optimally use one’s potential.

Is coaching necessary?

It is more personal than general answer but utility of guidance cannot be denied. If you have a chance it should be utilized to get a good coaching. However, I never mean that coaching is essential and without it one cannot clear exam but it certainly reduces efforts on wrong directions. Coaching and good material helps in systematizing efforts however it does not imply that one cannot succeed without a professional coaching, I had not taken any professional coaching at any stage.

Which optional subjects are scoring?

There is no such rule. Candidates have scores handsomely in subjects which frighten others while at the same time marks touch abysmally low in quite popular optional subjects. I may sound theoretical here but it is 24 carat gold. One can score better in a subject if it fulfills the following criteria:

1. Availability of Material

2. Availability of Guidance

3. Interest of the candidate

4. Length of Syllabus

5. Availability of Time

6. Educational background

7. Inter relationship with General Studies

8. Inter relationship with second optional subject

Think over these points and then decide what should be your optional subject. It will be an objective decision. Do not select an optional subject just because someone says it is scoring or it is easy.

Is there any trend in optional subjects’ scoring?

I have seen that if one subject gives more selection, the same subject results into maximum failure in the same year ! Surprised? But it is true. For example, if Public Administration is the subject which gives 300 selections in a year out of total 700 seats, you can find out that ratio of failure in Public Administration would be (in all probability) higher too. Similar is the observation with regard to marks in a subject. Therefore, I propose that there is nothing like trend in favour of or against any optional subject.

Should one make notes for General Studies?

Note making is helpful but it is really very time taking function. If one is taking coaching, there is no doubt that taking notes of lecture is useful and essential. Out of coaching one should be careful of time to be spent in making notes. One can be selective and divide reading in either underlining material or note making material. If the material is concise and available in one book, it can be just underlined and in case of it being scattered in different books, note making can assimilate all information at one place and reduce time of going through different sources.

Should one make notes for Optional Subjects?

Yes, the same criterion applies for Optional Subjects also. In fact, notes are more helpful for optional than GS.

Should one make notes for Current Affairs?

Yes, one can make note of important facts, in brief, without details. Newspapers cannot be collected for the whole year and so taking notes would help in revising.

Should one make notes for Main Exam?

Yes. One can make notes of points – not details because revising points and facts can help in elaborating them at the time of exam. One does not need to write elaborated notes because once details are revised it is easy to express them in sentences. Brief notes can save time but unnecessary details are time robbers of which one should guard against.

Should one make notes for Interview?

No. No need of making any note for interview.

Is there any difference in Preliminary, Main and Interview?

Difference lies in method of acquiring and expressing knowledge. For Preliminary one needs skill of reading, Main requires good command over writing and Interview is test of Oral expression including body language.

What should be difference in approach for different stages of exam?

As said above, Civil Service three stage exam tests Reading, Writing and Speaking skill of a candidate.

For Preliminary exam one should grasp the comprehensive idea of the subject and should be able to identify correct fact when asked in paper. The understanding of the subject should enable the candidate to analyze given facts and arrive at conclusion because nowadays papers are more analytical than based on mere factual knowledge.

In Main exam candidate should be able to express his thoughts in brief, crisp and logical language with proper terminology and sentence structures. Language may be simple but should be expressive. It must answer all the parts of the question. Answer writing is an art which can be acquired through practice and perseverance.

Interview is the last stage which can be cleared through expressing your all skills, information and understanding. Your reading of General Studies and Optional Subjects inter mingle with each other. All the things learnt during schooling and from society also build up personality of candidate. Try to improve speaking and body language.

Reading List:

General Studies

Ancient India: History     –         NCERT of Std. 11

Medieval India: History   –         NCERT of Std. 11

Modern India: History     –         Bipin Chandra – “Freedom Struggle of India”

Geography of India and World  -   NCERT of Std. 8 to 12

Indian Economy:                      NCERT of Std. 11

                                                Indian Economy – Uma Kapila

Indian Polity:                           M. Laxmikant (Tata McGraw Hill);  “Basics of Indian Polity Q-A for Main” – Rohit Vadhwana

General Science:                       NCERT of Std. 8 to 10

Science and Technology:           “Science and Technology  Q-A for Main” –Rohit Vadhwana

Mental Ability:                         R.S. Aggrawal  (S. Chand)